Saturday, September 11, 2010
How To Earn Poptropica Credits
Saturday, August 14, 2010
Monday, June 14, 2010
Wart Type Growth On Nose
measures with a sextant
09/06/2010
h. 13:25
height alone group (°) difference (°)
1 77
2 10.7 85 18.7
3 75 8.7
4
5 75 8.7 62
-4.3 6 72 5.7
media 74.3 °
value Observatory of San Marino 66.3 °
Summary data and comparison with those of the observatory of San Marino for the same date and same time:
Friday, June 11, 2010
Thursday, June 3, 2010
What Happens When There Is No Bile In Stomach
In 'Today we did another experiment in these two tests:
Circuit 2: battery, electrodes (two spikes), water, NaCl (two teaspoons) light bulb. As above, but add the salt water. The bulb lights up. In the first case, circulating current in the second yes.
What happened? Because the salt increased the conductivity of the water?
A conductive solution is also defined electrolyte. Not only water but other liquids are capable to ionize substances that are dissolved.
Do the same test, using a acid, such as vinegar. And he used the
Compare also the conductivity of tap water than in distilled water.
comparison with solid and liquid conductors, you can see that while the current passes through a wire without carrying atoms or cause chemical reactions, the passage of current in an electrolyte is in the movement of ions and the electrodes we have chemical reactions. Among other things, these reactions tend to run out of batteries.
L ' electrolysis (meaning "to break with electricity") is a process that transforms electrical energy into chemical energy . Water, for the passage of current, breaks down into oxygen and hydrogen gases. is the reverse process to that of the pile : with the battery because it uses a chemical reaction to produce electricity, but with electrolysis using the electricity to run a chemical reaction that would not occur spontaneously. The device in which it occurs is called electrolysis electrolytic cell. An electrolytic cell is achieved by immersing the reaction in the two electrodes connected to a current source continuous (the battery). In this way the two electrodes assume opposite charges of equal sign to the poles of the battery.
The electricity splits the water molecule. Hydrogen is the cathode (the electrode - from which the electrons are put in the water), while the anode (+ electrode, in which the electrons are absorbed from the water) oxygen is developed. A movie
electrolysis carried out with sulfuric acid, which shows how well you collect hydrogen and oxygen respectively to the cathode and anode can be seen here .
What Could It Be Besides Genital Warts
Once there was a sixth plant Falck Pickling . What were they doing there? Click on photo to enlarge it and read the article published in the journal of the City.
We talked about it because of our little experiment electroplating, which is to deposit a metal on a thin layer of another metal.
The liquid solution in which case the process of electroplating is called galvanic . This solution is typically made of metal and salt water (for us, copper sulphate) to be deposited. The electrodes are elements of conductive material immersed in the solution that will allow the current electricity to flow through the solution. The electrode connected to the negative terminal of the battery is called cathode and is formed from the object to be coated (-). The electrode connected to the positive terminal of the battery is said anode, and can be made of the same metal that you want to submit the object to be coated, or another metal or graphite.
The zinc coating can be achieved for small items or large structures, such as car bodies. The plating baths may have very low or very high concentrations, while currents range from milliamps for small items, to many amps for large plating baths.
The surface to be coated must be completely clean. Impurities in fact do not allow the metal to settle and adhere to the object. This operation is called pickling . It makes a mechanical cleaning with metal brushes or abrasive pads followed by a chemical cleaning. Are immersed in the plating bath cathode (-) , formed from the object to be covered (we have it directly connected to - terminal of the battery), el ' anode (+) , formed by another object conductor. The two electrodes are connected to a generator. When you turn on the generator, the current begins to flow through the electrodes and the solution, and the metal begins to settle. After
electroplating, the object must be washed to remove residues of the plating bath.
are immersed in the plating bath to the cathode (-), formed from the object to be filled, and the anode (+), formed by another conducting object. The two electrodes are connected to a generator. When you turn on the generator, the current begins to flow through the electrodes and the solution, and the metal begins to settle.
After electroplating, the object must be washed to remove residues of the plating bath.
Wednesday, May 26, 2010
Wedding Pregnancy Girdles
You take the card, paste a copy a protractor, setting a plumb line on top (see diagram), attaches a straw and two viewfinders:
The instrument is suitable for height measurements: it is used with the stars, "targets" the star directly through the straw, while the 'height of the sun' s shadow of the hole of the straw must be projected on a horizontal surface. You can determine the latitude of several locations targeting the North Star. To measure the height of the Sun will calculate the average the values. Not sighting the sun directly in this way, unless you provide special solar filters and absolutely safe.
Monday, May 17, 2010
Wednesday, April 28, 2010
How To Build A Wooden Fingerboard Ramp
to the planetarium, the departure from school at 8.15 (and not the 9), with return at approximately 11.30.
correct authorization modules!
Tuesday, April 27, 2010
What Do The #'s Mean On Le Creuset
Friday, April 23, 2010
Barney Birthday Party Invitations
Me: "I have called ten times. Where the hell were you?"
AF: "In the gym"
ME: "Yes, Oh well. And I believe it. The last time two years ago has been "
AF:" Yes, but now everything has changed "
Me:" You mean that the instructor has changed: it will be a cool that you want to do. "
AF:" No. E 'dead Malcolm McLaren.
Me: "I'm sorry eh, but I'm missing the connection between his death and your fitness."
AF: "Did you see the coffin?"
Me: "Yes. beautiful. With the message "Too fast to live too young to die"
AF: "Here. It will say on my 'Too fat to live too young to die". "
Tuesday, April 20, 2010
How To Control Volume With Direct Tv Rc64
Soon some changes. Stay tuned.
Sorority Initiation Paddling
We made our travel cars after drawing lines on the floor 1 m apart from each other and providing observers along the route with the task of recording the transit time.
Only two cars followed a straight path . All but one - who has bumped into the cupboard - they stopped prima di raggiungere il traguardo fissato dall'ultima linea.
Abbiamo diviso lo spazio percorso per il tempo impiegato a percorrerlo ottenendo la velocità in m/s. La velocità finale era nulla (automobiline ferme). Dunque la situazione che abbiamo studiato era caratterizzata da una certa velocità iniziale e da una finale nulla.
E' l' attrito che si oppone al moto ed arresta la corsa. In assenza di attrito, e senza ostacoli frapposti, i corpi continuerebbero la loro corsa.
L'attrito (che è una forza che sempre si accompagna al moto) è però necessario: se vogliamo camminare, se vogliamo che le nostre auto si muovano, i piedi devono fare presa on the ground, the tires on the road. Otherwise I would have the same situation that you have on the ice or in the sand is slipping or the wheels spin freely.
measuring the distance in meters and time in seconds, the speed is expressed in m / s; to transform m / s in km / h note that 1m = 0.001 km = (1 / 1000) and 1 km s = (1 / 3600) h. Calculating (1 / 1000) / (1 / 3600) I find 3.6. So a speed of 42 m / s = 42x3, 6 = 151.2 km / h.
If the speed increases or decreases in a certain amount of time you have an 'acceleration . Try this
animation :
- first reset
- ask a = 0 (acceleration nothing)
- fixed v = 2 m / s shares
When x = 0 reaches the car with you this situation, where the first space-time graph, the second speed-time, the third acceleration-time
If v = 2 m / s after 2m 1s will have traveled, after 2 s, 4 m, after 10 s, 20 m (and arrived at x = 0). The space takes on the values \u200b\u200b0, 2, 4, 20 m for time t = 0, 1, 2, 10 seconds. I get the chart and the leftmost image above. Since v is constant (v = 2 m / s), the graph as a function of time is a straight line parallel to x (remember analytical geometry!), The table would be:
t 1 2 3 4 ... (X axis)
v 2 2 2 2 2 (y axis)
The acceleration is zero by assumption.
Other beautiful animation: The Moving Man The Ladybug and 2D . In the sidebar of the blog IN ITALIAN instructions to download and play offline. This
game makes you understand the role of position, velocity and acceleration: Reach the goal without collisions in the shortest possible time. It 's easy if you act on the position, the less easy if you act fast!
Monday, April 19, 2010
Audioengine Stop Working
Un filmato dell'eruzione e una serie di domande-risposte tratte da un articolo di LUCA MERCALLI :
A quale quota si trova il pulviscolo?
Il pulviscolo viaggia intorno ai 4 mila metri e rischiamo di non accorgerci del suo passaggio ad alta quota
Si annebbierà il sole?
In molti forse si aspettavano di veder transitare un oscuro strato di polveri in grado di annebbiare il sole, ma in realtà, se non avessimo appreso dalle cronache che tremila chilometri più a Nord-Ovest era in corso un’imponente eruzione, and if there were no problems to air traffic, virtually from the ground we would not have noticed anything.
Why was blocked air traffic?
planes would risk serious damage when crossing the cloud of suspended particles, the grinding of the windscreen to stop the engines. So, rightly, all still on the ground.
What is the situation in the Alps?
tools MeteoSwiss Last night marked the passage of the ashes over the Alps, initially at about 6000 meters, while the hazy morning, the plume has slowly dropped to around 4000 meters, so that he could also catch a cable car going up on the snow Plateau Rosa, Cervinia above. And today the volcanic dust will continue their journey south, affecting even by tomorrow south-central Italy, even if further diluted, excluding probably Sicily.
The ashes will settle to the ground?
The volcanic ash - tiny fragments of rocks and minerals - they tend to settle very slowly to the ground under the influence of their weight or, more quickly, in case they become incorporated into the rainfall. It 'so important not only to predict the direction of the winds, but also the weather conditions that might favor or not the permanence of airborne dust at high altitudes.
What will happen in the coming days? According to volcanologists
eruption in progress will continue to throw ash into the atmosphere ... but fortunately the ash emitted by ' Eyjafjallajokull are not dangerous to health.
Tuesday, March 30, 2010
Where Is Reverse On Audi Stck Shift
Use the 'applet on Ohm's law to review the experiments. Close
blue switch dragging with your mouse.
Do this: fixed resistance R, then the potential difference varies G. Sull'amperometro read the intensity of current flowing in the circuit.
eg with R = 10 ohms, and G = 5 volts, the current is 0.5 amps.
Prepare a table with the values \u200b\u200bof G in volts and current I in amperes and build the graph. Another
link where you can, set the resistance (note the colors have a code that lets you know the value), varying the voltage, current sull'amperometro read: build the chart and make your comments.
Monday, March 29, 2010
How To Read My Cervix Mucus
Go to site of the Observatory of San Marino and displays a map of the sun.
charts above allow us to follow in real time the position of the sun in the sky above the Republic of San Marino. The orange curve represents the path of the sun for the day today. The current position of the sun is indicated by the orange disk with red border.
The position occupied by an object in the sky , such as the sun, can be uniquely identified with two angular coordinates : azimuth and elevation.
arc path from the sun in the sky changes from day to day . The most interesting of this period are three: the starting point, the highest point and ending point which, as noted, can be called sunrise, sunset and transit. As you can see by looking at the chart, is not true that the sun rises exactly east and sets in the west .
At solar noon the sun reaches its highest point daily. The maximum height of the sun happens to San Marino on June 21 and is equal to 69.5 ° , the minimum height occurs around December 21 and is equal to 22.6 ° .
If you want the same info for Sesto San Giovanni go here. Enter the name of the city and the date of the chart and you want to send.
Monday, March 22, 2010
What R The Effets Of Oxycotto
continues to rain ... and our observations must be postponed.
Then we begin a computer work. Remember that you can stop and save the work already done by following the instructions that appear at the end of each question. Follow the link
of virtual planetarium and go!
will find questions like:
- If the Earth is round, you know, explain why the land we live on is flat?
- Now imagine that there is a tunnel that passes through all the Earth passing through its center. You find yourself near one end of the tunnel and you're holding an object that you can drop dentro l’apertura. Ora lasci cadere l'oggetto. Quale percorso seguirà?
Bus No. Which Reaches Stella Maris College
Thursday, March 11, 2010
Difference Between Herpes And Ingrown Hair
"Nicolas Would Never Have Affair . Nicolas, not her. A genius.
Tuesday, March 9, 2010
Working Out With Palpitations
The news comes after me to gossip, to interview ended, and perhaps it is better that way. Apparently Kathryn Bigelow and Mark Boal, a journalist and writer of the film, are engaged . Thinking back to their attitude during the interview, in fact, something would have guessed. Mark and Kathryn faced the press together, sitting together on a couch of velvet, both sipping Coca Cola, they look and she often goes to great lengths to involve him in the replies. An emotional element that makes it even more special that a film special is already his. Meanwhile, because The Hurt Locker Bigelow is the first film after six years of absence (the last, K-19: The Widowmaker, a political history and action set in a Russian submarine, dating to 2002). Then it is a very raw and honest film about the war and is shot by a woman director, specializing in action movies, of course, but still a woman. The story is inspired by the experience that Boal has lived as a journalist accompanying the U.S. troops in Iraq in 2004, within the EOD, the special unit designed to disarm explosives on the ground: a team of highly trained bomb technicians performing a job at a very high mortality rate and for which the risk - and, by extension, the entire war - become a sort of drug, a feeling of wanting to extend for as long as possible.
What exactly does the phrase "The hurt locker"?
"literally means" container of pain "," locker "is in fact the cabinet in which the soldiers keep their personal belongings. In the literal sense does not "hurt locker" is the definitive place of pain and is a term that Mark heard him use by soldiers when he was with them in Baghdad. It was a saying among them, to joke, almost. When you were defusing a bomb by saying: "If this explodes, we finish all nell'hurt locker". "
Before the movie screen shows a phrase: "war is a drug," the war is a drug.
"The whole sentence is:" the fury of battle results in a strong and often lethal addiction, for war is a drug. " Today, go and fight in Iraq is a voluntary choice. Unlike Vietnam, the current U.S. military is made up exclusively of volunteers, young people who deliberately chose to leave for the front. Becoming part of a unit special as the one that deals with the disarmament of weapons is a next step yet: the soldiers are tested psycho and intelligence, and only those with certain requirements to be part of the team posssono anti bombs. Their work is more dangerous than ever, and for some the attraction is this: having to deal constantly with the fear and fascination that it exerts. "
In the film many scenes are shot outdoors in the desert, and it seems almost to touch the dust and heat the soldiers who suffer, not to mention the perfect reconstruction of Baghdad.
"We shot almost everything in Jordan, 5 km from the Iraqi border. I wanted to cross it, but there were too many snipers and production I do not have permission. The feeling of authenticity that you describe is exactly what we wanted to achieve and to do that we relied on the photographs that Mark had done when he was there. We wanted that the reconstruction was realistic and accurate because we wanted to put the audience literally in the shoes of the soldiers. As a director, my responsibility is to be as honest as possible in showing the public how the soldiers live there, day after day. "
These soldiers are heroes? She shows the contrasting aspects: firm and fearless when I'm on the battlefield, but unable to choose a box of cereal when they are in civilian clothes.
"My intention was to dismantle the idea of \u200b\u200ba hero as we know from other war movies. Yes, these are people who save other lives, it is true, but the price they pay is very high in terms of normality. "
believe that this war is unlike any other?
"All wars are tragic and unnecessary, and this is no exception."
Until last year all the American films that dealt with the topic of the war in Iraq were punished at the box office, as if the public was not ready yet, as if the wound was still open. Do you think the American public's attitude changed from a few years ago?
"The public curiosity about what is happening in Iraq has always been there, partly because newspapers and television do not talk about enough. Then, of course, in recent times public opinion has changed and now everyone thinks that this war is wrong and that the troops should come home. Even President Bush said. "
The withdrawal of American troops in the near future is a realistic expectation? And if so, who should manage it?
"I've just been to the Democratic convention. When I heard Barack Obama speak I thought, 'This man should be president. " Only he can do it. "
It is difficult for a woman working in Hollywood, especially for someone like her doing action movies?
"Working in Hollywood is hard at all, but I'm stubborn, when a story attracts me and I put myself in the head to realize I do so much to do until I can not. Oh, and never accept no for an answer, maybe that is the secret. "
(Grace, 13 / 10 / 2008)
Monday, March 8, 2010
How Can Be A Carrier Of Kawasaki Disease
Rc Airsoft Helicopter
Ci permettono di fare il punto sulla carta, cioè di dire dove si trova un luogo della superficie della Terra. Se conosciamo queste informazioni possiamo anche calcolare le distanze dulla superficie terrestre. Nel disegno vedi che la distanza di P dall'equatore si esprime as an angle, as well as its distance from the prime meridian. So this is expressed as an angle distances.
We see that this is only measuring arcs of the circumference of which we know the angle subtended:
The extent of the strings is as simple as a proportion:
Circumference: arc = 360 ° : angle subtended
Meanwhile we find latitude and longitude of a point on a map of GoogleMaps . The coordinates provided by this method are those of the map identified by the red marker A, which is the central point of the map. When we
an address or a point of interest map is centered on that address or point. For example, write "Sesto San Giovanni, send and see a map centered on A red.
When the dot is centered just put in the url bar of your browser (I: E:, Firefox, Safari ...: any) the following code
javascript: void (prompt ('', gApplication.getMap (). getCenter ()));
and send.
You will see a popup window that contains latitude and longitude of the center point of the map.
For Sixth (I only took the first decimal place) Match: LAT 45.5 ° N, 9.2 ° E LONG
point on the equator belonging same great circle (about 40000 km long, as the equator and all circles: is the measure of Earth's circumference) is the sixth will have coordinates: LAT 0 ° N, 9.2 ° E. LONG
write the proportion:
45,5:360 = x: 40000
resolved that gives 5055.6 km, the distance from the equator of the sixth.
Sai calculate the distance to the sixth from the North Pole? And from the South Pole?
Sunday, March 7, 2010
Dodge Sprinter Conversion
Ali MacGraw did not want to do The Getaway, which would star Steve McQueen and be directed by Sam Peckinpah. Her husband Bob Evans urged her to do the film, because it would stretch her beyond preppy roles, but MacGraw didn’t want to be separated from their baby, Josh. Moreover, she was apprehensive. She remembered that “one winter day in 1968 it was raining and freezing and I had time to kill” before one of Sokolsky’s shoots, “so I darted into Radio City Music Hall to see Bullitt. ” McQueen was at the height of his fame with that movie, with its genre-creating extended car chase, most of which he performed himself. MacGraw says, “That was the only time in my life I went, ‘Oh. My. God. ’”
On a spring day in 1971, McQueen was paying a visit to the Evanses to discuss The Getaway. “It sounds so corny,” MacGraw says, “but I remember sitting in the projection room and seeing Steve on the other side of the swimming pool, and you could see those eyes—the most extraordinary blue. I was just electrified. That’s scary. It’s very visceral. The brain isn’t involved in that moment.” After McQueen left, she telephoned her old boss:. ‘Mister Melvin, I’m in trouble", she said.
MacGraw and McQueen began their affair soon after they arrived in Huntsville, Texas, for the three-month shoot. “It was very evident that they were falling in love,” says Katy Haber, who was then Peckinpah’s assistant. When The Getaway wrapped MacGraw went back to Evans to make a stab at reviving their marriage. “McQueen was desperately in love with Ali.”, says Katy. “He said, ‘Katy, you don’t understand. This is the first time in my life that I have no desire or even thought of sleeping around. This is the person I want to be with for the rest of my life.’". MacGraw, meanwhile, was struggling. “She was in extreme conflict; her loyalty to Bob was strong—she went through hell and back,” Haber remembers. Ultimately, there was no defense for her feelings for McQueen. MacGraw had a mutual friend call Candice Bergen, who she knew was vacating her house. After a short stay there, MacGraw rented a Coldwater guesthouse and McQueen rented one on Mulholland Drive. The cottages were separated by an empty field. When they fought, as they frequently did (from the start, “it was either great days or horrendous days, and nothing in between,” says MacGraw), they would separate, then immediately miss each other and set out across the field to be together again.
MacGraw and Evans divorced, and she and McQueen—with young Josh and McQueen’s son, Chad—moved to a beachfront home in Trancas, north of Malibu. They lived the simple life that McQueen stubbornly cleaved to and that MacGraw felt was right for Josh. She put Steve’s meat and potatoes in front of him every night at six. He didn’t want her to work, so she didn’t.
On July 11, 1973, McQueen and MacGraw took off with their children to Cheyenne, Wyoming, and checked into a room at a Holiday Inn. MacGraw recalls, “Steve and Chad slept in one bed, Terry [Steve’s daughter] and I in the other, Josh in a crib in the middle.” The next day—with Ali and Terry in identical plaid skirts, carrying matching bouquets—Steve and Ali were married in a public park.
MacGraw says today that McQueen was “very damaged, and I don’t mean that at all in a nasty way—he was a combination of incredible darkness and anger and mystery and almost child-like vulnerability. His mood swings were incredible.” But she doesn’t let herself off the hook. “I am 1,000 percent not a victim.” They were equally at fault, in her view. “I did the sullen holdback. I was tight. Judgmental. Simmering. We both had work to do.” She went into therapy. Insecurity made her “trim and cover” who she really was “to make myself desirable, because he was the most desirable man on the planet, and I would think, I can’t possibly be desirable enough for this creature—every woman in the restaurant is looking at him!”
Meanwhile, McQueen felt cowed by the world she represented. He resisted going to the formal party for his film Papillon because “intellectual heavyweights like Jonas Salk” would be there. McQueen’s anxiety was even deeper. Before Mengers’s party for Princess Margaret, MacGraw says, “he got high on coke. He knew it was bad for him. He got these catastrophic depressions, I mean the scariest. I said, ‘Why in the world do you do this? The level of misery you set yourself up for!’.
There were “sweet, wonderful” times, she says, “Easter and the Fourth of July, having potluck dinner with the neighbors. We had a peaceful, incredible, real life.” She recalls a dinner for his film The Towering Inferno, “where our chemistry was extraordinary, unbelievable. A trip during my birthday. I came back to my room in the motel, and there were daisies and white roses everywhere. He loved daisies; there were hundreds and hundreds of them.” Once she even got him to the ballet. “Baryshnikov and Gelsey Kirkland—I said, ‘You can’t not go!’ It blew his mind.
Ultimately, McQueen’s paranoid possessiveness was unconquerable. He had already been having numerous affairs, according to MacGraw. “He had a suite in the Beverly Wilshire hotel, where he would go when we fought. It was a place I never went, which was stupid. I should have gone in, opened the door, and kicked the shit out of whoever was in bed with him.” She adds, “He would have enjoyed it!”.
The only infidelities that mattered to him were the ones he imagined her having. When she was at her lowest ebb, she was invited to be photographed by Francesco Scavullo for his book Scavullo on Beauty. She flew to New York, eager to feel what she hadn’t felt in a very long time: glamorous. There was a knock on the door of the apartment she had borrowed, and it was McQueen. Convinced she was having an affair, he’d taken the next flight to check up on her.
After she made Convoy she and McQueen drove to Montana. “I fell in love with him all over again.” She wanted them to cancel dinner with a friend of his, but they kept the date, and while McQueen “boringly talked camshafts and God only knows what,” MacGraw conversed with his friend’s companion in her rusty Italian. “You were flirting with him in a foreign language!,” McQueen accused her during the drive back to Malibu. “He kept at it and kept at it and kept at it. It was terrible and frightening and catastrophic.” Realizing that even she couldn’t fix that much distrust, she moved out.
Theirs was one of the great love affairs of the past century. “It was very, very passionate, and dramatic, and hurtful, and ecstatic,” says MacGraw. “It was pretty much a wipeout for both of us. But I think it’s safe to say it would have been impossible not to fall in love with Steve.”.
As for McQueen, the actor’s closest friend in his last years, martial-arts master Pat Johnson, says, “I have to be careful, because I still know Barbara [Minty McQueen, the last of Steve’s three wives], and he did love Barbara, but … ” He pauses, then out it pours: “Steve loved Ali MacGraw more than he loved anyone else in his entire life. Until the day he died”—in November 1980, of lung cancer, three years after he and MacGraw divorced—“he was madly in love with her.”
(L'articolo intero, spettacolare, è qui . Credo di non avere mai letto niente di così meraviglioso che spieghi, raccontando vite vere, che cosa sia in realtà la magia del cinema.)
Tuesday, March 2, 2010
Milena Velba Nadine Jansen Forum
Easter is a moveable feast : its date varies from year to year because it is correlated with the lunar cycle. The Passover and Easter Christian follow different rules of calculation and therefore are almost never in the same date. Within Christianity, then there are two different rules depending on whether you use the Gregorian calendar (Catholic and Protestant), or the Julian (Orthodox). These two rules in a few years give the same date (and therefore all Christians celebrate Easter on the same day), different dates in other years.
2010
Christian Easter (Gregorian calendar): April 4
Passover : March 30
Easter to the Julian calendar: March 22
The First Council of Nicaea (325 years) established that the solemnity of Easter would be celebrated in Sunday following the first full moon (the fourteenth day of the ecclesiastical moon) that is after the spring equinox .
Over the centuries V-VII the method is said to complete tables of dates of Easter, based on the cycle of diciannovennale Methone, the fifth century BC Athenian astronomer
In practice, the date of Easter was the result an algorithm that combined cycle Methone, and therefore the number of gold , with the solar cycle, resulting in a cycle 19 x 28 = 532 years. Let's see how.
The number of gold
The rotation of the Moon is in a period of time equal to that of its revolution around the Earth, specifically in 27 days, 7 hours and 43 minutes. This period is called the sidereal month . However, as the Earth moves along its orbit around the Sun while the Moon completes its movement around our planet, it follows that the Moon does not return in conjunction with the Sun after a sidereal month, but with a lag . We speak therefore of the lunar month that is 29 days, 12 hours, 44 minutes and 3 seconds.
sidereal month: 27 days, 7 hours and 43 minutes
lunar month: 29 days, 12 hours, 44 minutes and 3 seconds
Methone discovered that 235 lunar months are almost exactly 19 solar years:
(29.5 x235): 369 = 18.99
For this reason, after a 19-year cycle (called Methone cycle) phases of the Moon return to the same day of the year.
In other words, after observing the days when they had which the different phases of the moon for 19 years, you will notice that the twentieth year they fall on the same days of the first year, the twenty-first year will fall on the same days of the second year, and so on.
is why the number of times, starting from the year 1 BC, was divided into periods of 19 years, and each year of each period was combined with a natural number from 1 to 19. The number of gold is thus the number of the year in the lunar cycle in progress. To find
then the number of gold relating to any year can be obtained by dividing the year to 19 and increasing by one the rest obtained.
EXAMPLES -To the year 1990, for example, the calculation is: 1990: 19 = 104 with the rest of 14, 14 + 1 = 15;
that the golden number for 1990 is 15 .
In 2010, 2010:19 = 105 is the rest 15, from which 15 +1 = 16
The golden number is an index of cyclicity: the same number is repeated every 19 years.
If the lunar month lasts 29.9 days, the lunar year lasts 354 days, compared with 365 in the calendar year (366 in leap years). L ' epact (from greek: epaktai hemèrai = added days) is the number of days in which the common solar year of 365 days exceeds the common lunar year of 354 giorni (29,5x12=354).
L'epatta è definita come l' età della Luna al 1 gennaio , vale a dire il numero di giorni trascorsi dall'ultima Luna nuova; questo numero può andare da 1 a 30. Per esempio, nel 2010 la luna nuova di gennaio è stata il 15. Dal calcolo 29-15=14 risalgo all’età della luna il primo gennaio. L’epatta è 14.
Un anno (solare) ha generalmente 365 giorni (366 negli anni bisestili). Un anno lunare ha ha 12 × 29,5 = 354 giorni. Pertanto l'anno solare dura 11 giorni in più dell'anno lunare.
Suppose a solar year and lunar year start on the same day. At the beginning of the next calendar year, have already passed 11 days of the Lunar New Year (ie, are phase shifted 11 days). After two years the difference has accumulated to 22 days: the beginning of the lunar month occurs 11 days earlier each year. These days in excess of the calendar year compared to the lunar year are called epacts. You must add a day in the calendar to know the day of the lunar year.
EXCEPTIONS IN CORRESPONDENCE OF 24 AND 25 epact
Since dell'epatta 30 possible values \u200b\u200b(0 to 29), should result in 30 different dates per il giorno del termine pasquale.
Tuttavia la Chiesa ha stabilito ormai da moltissimi secoli che la data di Pasqua debba cadere tra il 22 marzo e il 25 aprile, ossia che il termine pasquale possa verificarsi fra il 21 marzo e il 18 aprile, poiché in realtà il 19 aprile potrebbe già essere la data del plenilunio successivo al primo di primavera. I giorni possibili per il termine pasquale si riducono così a 29.
Per questo motivo tutti i metodi di calcolo della data di Pasqua prevedono due eccezioni : la prima per evitare che la data di Pasqua possa risultare il 26 aprile (in questo caso la correzione avviene nel senso di anticiparla alla domenica precedente, ossia il 19 April ) and the other, so that in the same cycle of Methone diciannovennale occur two terms Easter (Paschal full moon) with the same date (this because it is inconsistent with the logic of the cycle of Methone).
The following rule is used to calculate the epact a any Gregorian year (in brackets the calculation for 2010):
multiplies the number of gold for 11 (16x11 = 176) , you subtract 10 from the product (166), the result is divided by 30, and you get a rest (5 rest 16), denoted with a (16). Si sottrae 15 dal numero secolare dell'anno proposto (20-16=4) e si ha un numero b (4). Si divide b per 25 (4:25=0,16), si toglie il quoziente dal dividendo (4-0=4), si divide questa differenza per 3 (4:3=1 resto 1), e si ottiene un quoziente c (1). Si moltiplica b per 3 (4 x3=12) , si divide il prodotto per 4 ( 12:4=3 resto3), e si ottiene un quoziente d (3). Si sottrae c da d ( 3-1=2 ), e si divide il risultato per 30 ( 2:30= 0 resto 2); il resto di questa divisione sia chiamato e (2). Se infine si sottrae e da a ( 16-2=14) , One gets the epact. In the event that it is more of a, is subtracted from and to then subtract the result from 30, resulting in the epact. Of all the ratios is considered only the integer part, ignoring the decimal digits.
The scheme of operations to be performed is the following:
[(No gold x 11) - 10]: 30
(r) = rest = a;
No years old - 15 = b;
[b - (b: 25)]: 3 = c;
(b x 3) : 4 = d;
(d - c) : 30
(r) = resto = e;
a - e = epatta;
oppure:
30 - (e - a) = epatta.
Per il 2010 abbiamo trovato 14.